Hyperglycemia or high blood sugar is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma.

There are several causes for hyperglycemia which may include:

diabetes
Non-diabetic hyperglycemia
The most common cause of chronic non-diabetic hyperglycemia is obesity, the cure for which is proper diet and exercise to reduce the body’s excess white fat reserves. The presence of excessive white fat reserves interferes with the body’s ability to properly absorb and use insulin that is otherwise produced in sufficient quantity.

Chronic non-diabetic hyperglycemia can produce some of the same complications as diabetic hyperglycemia; however, some of the complications of diabetes mellitus (especially juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus) can occur even if blood sugar levels are kept under control, because the disease operates beyond just the condition of hyperglycemia.

Certain eating disorders can produce acute non-diabetic hyperglycemia, as in the binge phase of bulimia nervosa, when the subject consumes an incredible number of calories at once, frequently from foods that are high in both simple and complex carbohydrates – the body simply having a fierce craving for the energy that carbohydrates provide.

Ways to measure hyperglycemia:
Glucose levels vary before and after meals, and at various times of day. A subject with a “home” range above 126 mg/dL is generally held to have hyperglycemia, whereas a “home” range below 70 mg/dL is considered hypoglycemic.

In fasting adults, blood plasma glucose should not exceed 126 mg/dL. Sustained higher levels of blood sugar cause damage to the blood vessels and to the organs they supply, leading to the complications of diabetes.

Common Symptoms of Diabetic Hyperglycemia include:

If you have diabetes mellitus, the presence of these symptoms can indicate that blood sugar levels are too high:
· Polyphagia (frequent hunger, especially pronounced hunger)
· Polydipsia (frequent thirst, especially excessive thirst)
· Polyuria (frequent urination, especially excessive urination)
Other symptoms of diabetic hyperglycemia may include:
· Blurred vision
· Fatigue
· Weight loss
· Poor wound healing (cuts, scrapes, etc.)
· Dry mouth
· Dry or itchy skin
· Impotence (male)
· Recurrent infections such as vaginal yeast infections, groin rash, or external ear infections (swimmers ear)

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